Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct and Indirect Speech

Direct Speech and Indirect Speech are two ways to say what someone has said.

On direct speech, we exactly repeat what speaker said.

For example:

He said, “I will be right there everyday”.

Budi said, “I eat an apple”.

Or

“I will be right there every day”, he said.

“I eat an apple”, Budi said.

Meanwhile, Indirect Speech reveals what someone say not exactly the same.

For example :

Budi said that he ate an apple.

He said that he would be right there everyday.

Direct Speech –to– Indirect Speech

Example :

Present Perfect –to– Past Perfect

They have written on the table. –to– They had written on the table.

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

Present continuous Past Continous

Present perfect Past Perfect

Present perfect continuous Past Perfect Continous

Simple present Simple Past

Simple past Past Perfect

Past continuous Past Perfect Continous

Future Past

Present Past

Imperative sentences (Kalimat Perintah)

If the reported speech is in command form, we have to change the report verb say or tell into certain verb that indicates :

• request
• prohibition
• command
• precept
• entreaty

Example :

I. Request

Direct : Fajar said to Sella “Can I borrow your phone?”

Indirect : Fajar asked his friend to be kind enough to lend him her phone

II. Prohibition

Direct : He said to his son, “Don’t hit your younger brother!”

Indirect : He forbid his son to hit his brother.

III. Command

Direct : Rija said to Genta, “Give me your RF Online character”.

Indirect : Rija ordered Genta to give his RF Online character

IV. Precept

Direct : El nino said to Torres, “Play better !”

Indirect : He advised Torres to play better.

V. Entreaty

Direct : She said to her teacher, “Pardon me, mam !”

Indirect : She begged her teacher to pardon her.

Questions :

1. ‘What do you want?’ she asked him.
2. ‘Are you coming with us?’ he asked me.
3. He asked, ‘When do you intend to make the payment?’
4. ‘Do you come from China?’ said the prince to the girl.
5. The poor man exclaimed, ‘Will none of you help me?’
6. ‘Which way should I go?’ asked the son.
7. Alladin said to the magician, ‘What have I done to deserve so severe a punishment?’
8. ‘Don’t you know the way home?’ I said to her.
9. ‘Do you write a good hand?’ the teacher said to the student.
10. ‘Have you anything to say on behalf of the accused?’ said the judge finally.

Answer :

1. She asked him what he wanted.
2. He asked me if I was coming/going with them.
3. He enquired when I/he/she intended to make the payment.
4. The prince asked the girl if she came from China.
5. The poor man exclaimed whether none of them would help him.
6. The son asked which way he should go.
7. Alladin asked the magician what he had done to deserve so severe a punishment.
8. I asked her whether she did not know the way home.
9. The teacher asked the student if he/she wrote a good hand.
10. The judge finally asked whether he/she had anything to say on behalf of the accused.

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